Ibn Arabi's Pluralistic Vision in a World of Exclusivism

The philosophical concepts at the heart of this presentation include Wujud, the Plural, and Ambiguity. I begin by examining Ibn Arabi's notion of belief as 'tying knots in the heart,' parallel to his understanding of the nature of Wujud and Barzakh. The aim is a fresh thinking about pluralism, grounded in Sufi metaphysics — a metaphysics focused on what Shahab Ahmed elsewhere describes as 'the multivalent experiential condition of hayra [paradoxical perplexity].' Without hastily asserting Ibn Arabi's pluralistic views of other traditions or religions, I dwell on what we today can learn from Ibn Arabi’s nuanced understanding of Being. This insight could offer us new perspectives for addressing the global rise of exclusivism and rigid, unambiguous identifications. The approach involves the philosophical application of Ibn Arabi's teachings on the essential delimitation of all doctrinal positions to current issues. Situated in the cultural and social realities of the subcontinent, I also highlight the historical application of these core Akbarian concepts in the diverse religious and spiritual expressions of subcontinental Sufis.

Bharatwaj Iyer is a PhD student and a Senior Research Fellow at the Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay focusing on Heidegger and the phenomenological tradition. He is on the education team at MIAS, where he has served for over two years. He recently published "The Transimmanence of the Real: Ontological Pluralism in the School of Ibn ʻArabī" edited by Pablo Benito in Religions. A forthcoming article, "You are a Puzzle-lock: A Phenomenological Analysis of Perplexity," in Philosophy East and West examines the Urdu poem Tum ek Gorakh Dhanda ho from a Heideggerian perspective. His academic and activist interests are political pluralism and rising extremism.