Indonesia's street thugs, known as preman, have a long and colourful history of doing the dirty work of police and the military during the time of the New Order. The arrest in June of one of Jakarta's most notorious preman, John Kei, has reminded the capital that its thugs haven't gone away. Ian Wilson of Murdoch University in Western Australia says that in democratic Indonesia street gangs are as active as ever - just less visible.

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