Contributor(s): Professor Fred Halliday | The academic study of International Relations has, since since its emergence after World War I, sought to combine the development of theoretical frameworks with an engagement, of greater or lesser immediacy, with the changing course of international events. Empire, World War, Cold War and post-1991 US hegemony have all been objects of its concern. Today, oscillating at times uneasily between the enticements of abstraction, and the rush of actuality, the discipline faces a major opportunity, to provide an authoritative conceptualisation of, and normative orientation, within, international politics. In this, his valedictory lecture as Montague Burton Professor of International Relations, Fred Halliday will assess the state of IR today, and the challenges posed by the tensions of the twenty-first century.