Teachers need to expose students to a variety of motivating non-fiction texts that are challenging. There should be a plethora of oral and reading activities to help close some of the reading gaps (teaching.monster.com). Several studies have found a correlation between the reading of nonfiction and the development of literacy skills. Generally, students who read magazines and nonfiction books have higher average reading proficiencies than those who do not (Campbell, Kapinus, & Beatty, 1995). Also, nonfiction that presents concepts and vocabulary in a concrete way can help teach literary skills and can provide a bridge to textbooks for non-native as well as native English speakers (Hadaway, Vardell, & Young, 2002).