The United States and Iran have signed a 14-point memorandum of understanding after over 100 days of bombing and war by the U.S. and Israel since February. The United States, the most powerful military on the planet, has been forced to make significant concessions to Iran, including releasing Iranian funds that Trump vowed would never be available to Iran again.Further negotiations will determine the future of Iran’s civilian nuclear enrichment program, with Iran reaffirming its long-held position that it does not seek nuclear weapons. During the 60-day period of the MOU that’s already under way, Iran won’t charge ships for transiting the Strait of Hormuz, and by the end of that period it will come to agreement with Oman and other countries around the Strait.

The war ultimately achieved none of the Israeli or U.S. government’s goals for it including regime change or destruction of Iran’s nuclear program, but it has killed thousands in Iran and caused devastation to parts of Iranian civilian and energy infrastructure. But it has shaken basic understandings about international relationships and the balance of power in the Middle East and beyond. 


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