Iran-Iraq War

The Iran-Iraq War (1980-1988), also known as Saddam's Qadisiyyah, the

Holy Defense, and the Iraqi-Imposed War, had a devastating effect on

both participants.  The war features many attacks and counterattacks,

though in the end, nothing changed.  Some causes of the war include:

Khuzestan Border DisputeStruggle for Middle Eastern SupremacySunni vs. Shiite SchismShatt al-Arab Waterway DisputeIranian-sponsored assassination attempt against Tariq Aziz (Iraqi minister)

Iraq's invasion of Iran went well at first.  With technological and

tactical superiority, the Iraqis were able to retake the waterway and

much of Khuzestan.  However, thanks to Iran's powerful air force and

its motivated militias, the Iraqi offensive was stopped.  In 1982,

Operation Undeniable Victory took back much of what was lost for the

Iranians.  In fact, the Iranians even went on a counter-offensive and

invaded Iraq.  However, they were stopped at Basra thanks, in part, to

chemical weapons.  Then, the Iraqis counterattacked and pushed the

Iranians back to pre-war borders.  A ceasefire was agreed upon and the

war ended.

Both sides had been supported by foreign powers, including the United States and the Soviet Union. 

For more information, read:

How to Make War by James Dunnigan

The Presidency of George Bush by John Robert Greene

http://www.jonhs.net/freemovies/iran_iraq.htm

http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/iraniraq.htm

http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/war/iran-iraq.htm

http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/ops/war/docs/3203/

http://www.iranchamber.com/history/articles/arming_iraq.php

http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/iran/airforce.htm

http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/iraq/airforce.htm

http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,20867,20950607-1702,00.html

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