Companion planting is a multifaceted agricultural strategy that utilizes beneficial plant relationships to enhance crop health, manage pests, and maximize space. These sources evaluate the practice from both scientific and traditional perspectives, highlighting mechanisms such as nitrogen fixation, weed suppression through allelopathy, and pest disruption via aromatic masking or trap cropping. While historical systems like the Three Sisters (corn, beans, and squash) demonstrate cultural and land-use efficiency, researchers emphasize that inter-species competition for light and nutrients can sometimes reduce individual crop yields. Evidence suggests that while some pairings successfully recruit natural predators or improve soil structure, many popular "companion charts" lack rigorous empirical support. Consequently, experts advise gardeners to prioritize scientifically sound methods, such as considering root depth and growth habits, over myth-based folklore to ensure a productive and sustainable ecosystem.