Today Jeff responds to Harry, a listener who offers a critique often heard within and about the integral world.

Harry writes:

There’s an unspoken, and unconscious, assumption that integral was just invented a few years ago by Wilber, Gebser, et al., and that anyone exhibiting similar insights and behaviors earlier, or anyone currently exploring similar turf who languages it differently, is “proto-integral.”  I believe there have been integral (and beyond) sages since time immemorial. Jesus, Gautama Buddha, Lao-Tzu, the list goes on. I think there’s a shadow of hubris that dogs the integral narrative that’s worth dragging into the light.

So is integral arrogant? Jeff explains how integral theory itself helps to answer the question.

Illustration:  After Hubris Comes Nemesis by Theodore Gericault