Dr Hans-Jakob Schindler and Alexander Ritzmann are joined by Sean McCafferty to discuss how the October 7 attacks changed online extremism, including Islamic State’s (IS) response. Since IS lost its final territorial holdout in Baghuz, Syria, in March 2019, the group’s global presence, propaganda output, and online ecosystem have evolved significantly, including to a more decentralised approach, characterised by a surge in output from its regional affiliates in Africa and South Asia.

Sean is EU GLOCTER PhD Fellow, seconded to CEP and author of a blog post on Islamic State Propaganda Evolution Since October 7 which is part of CEP’s CounterPoint series.