During the last half a century of its existence, the Ottoman Empire and the lands around its borders were places of constant political turmoil and unceasing military action. The enormous costs of war were paid not only by politicians and soldiers, but by the Ottoman civilian population as well. Jeremy Salt’s book “The Last Ottoman Wars: The Human Cost, 1877–1923” examines the hardships that ordinary people, Muslim and Christian alike, endured during decades of warfare. Join us for a discussion of this turbulent time in human history in this installment of Leonard Lopate at Large on WBAI.