The early church not only grew rapidly but also changed dramatically. The church began among the Jews in Jerusalem, but it soon spread to the Gentiles in Antioch and beyond. This rapid demographic shift triggered a profound theological debate in the church: did the Gentiles have to become Jewish in order to be saved? Did the Gentiles have to be circumcised, keep kosher, observe the Sabbath and keep the other laws given by Moses? Or was their faith in Jesus enough? The question was more than just a cultural conflict. It struck to the very heart of the gospel. What must we do to be saved?