What’s New?  Climate Change and Global Warming

Speaking Practice. Early in the Morning

English Grammar. Present Perfect + Yet / Already / Just

The world has one year to start making significant reductions in  greenhouse gas emissions or face the prospect of dangerous global  warming, experts have warned in an article in the prestigious journal  Nature.  Calling for world leaders to be guided by the scientific  evidence rather than “hide their heads in the sand”, they said “entire  ecosystems” were already beginning to collapse, summer sea ice was  disappearing in the Arctic and coral reefs were dying from the heat.

The world could emit enough carbon to bust the Paris Agreement target  of between 1.5 to 2 degrees Celsius in anything from four to 26 years  if current levels continue, the article said. Global emissions had been  rising rapidly but have plateaued in recent years.

The words already, yet, recently, lately, and just,  all refer to a recent and non-specific time. A specific time would be  “yesterday” or “three hours ago” or last Friday “. In these cases we  would use the simple past.

Already can be used in positive statements and questions.

“I’ve already read today’s newspaper.”

“Have you already paid the electric bill?”

“She’s finished the test already.”

Note: “Already” can go in between “have/has” and the past participle (as in the first two examples) or at the end of the sentence.

Yet can be used in negative statements and questions.

“We haven’t cleaned the house yet.”

“Has he told you the good news yet?”

“Have they booked their tickets yet?”

Note: “Yet” usually goes at the end of the sentence or phrase.

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