What’s New? Has Construction Begun on The US Border Wall?

History Topic! The Mexican Border History

Conversation Topic. Happiness in Conversation.

Speaking Practice. Small Talk and Feeling Happy.

Basic Grammar Review. Adverbs of Frequency and Present Simple Examples.

English Grammar. Question Tags or Tag Questions?

As of January 20, 2019. It doesn’t look like it. On his fifth day in  office, Trump ordered construction of the wall to begin using cash on  hand. ProPublica reported that Customs and Border Protection  (CBP) had just $20 million in their coffers for the project, which isn’t  much when cost estimates for building a concrete wall range from $1  million to $21.6 million per mile.

The Mexico–United States barrier is a series of walls and fences along  the Mexico–United States border aimed at preventing illegal crossings  from Mexico into the United States and vice versa. The barrier is not  one continuous structure. It is a grouping of relatively short physical  walls, secured in between with a “virtual fence”. It includes a system  of sensors and cameras monitored by the United States Border Patrol. As  of January 2009, U.S. Customs and Border Protection reported that it had  more than 580 miles (930 km) of barriers in place. The total length of  the continental border is 1,989 miles (3,201 km).

In the mid-16th century, with the discovery of silver, settlers from a  variety of countries and backgrounds began to arrive in the area. This  period of sparse settlement included colonizers from different  backgrounds. The area technically was part of the Kingdom of New Spain.

Notice the intonation of I am happy in the examples below. This intonation, with the strongest stress on am,  is the emphatic, confirmatory form normally used in response. It is  similar, in meaning and intonation, to the short answer form, I am  – which might, in fact, be used here, with the weak stressed “happy”  simply dropping off. “I just heard I passed”. Notice that the “that” is  omitted in this bit of reported speech. Exam is short for examination.  Physics exam, is a compound noun, it has the principal stress on the  first word.

I’m glad somebody’s happy. Note the omission  of that in reported speech, and the strong contrastive stress on  SOMEbody. It implies that the speaker herself is not happy.

What’s the matter? A common idiom, meaning; What is troubling you? What is wrong?

I’m just worried. Here “just” means merely or only. The term “I just  heard” means very recently. “Have to” has the same meaning as must. “I  guess” means the same as “I think”.

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