Bill C-22, the federal government’s latest lawful access legislation, is back—and so is the debate over how Canada should balance privacy rights with the needs of law enforcement and national security agencies. In this episode of Secure Line, Steph and Leah West unpack the major reforms made to Bill C-22 since its predecessor, Bill C-2, and assess whether the government has meaningfully addressed earlier constitutional and civil liberties concerns. They explore what lawful access is, why the government argues reform is necessary, and where critics remain deeply skeptical. 

The discussion dives into the bill’s most controversial provisions, including subscriber information demands, mutual legal assistance reforms, systemic vulnerability definitions, and new data retention authorities for service providers. Leah explains which aspects of the bill appear significantly improved, where important constitutional concerns remain, and why one provision in particular might still be vulnerable to judicial challenge. The episode also examines what Bill C-22 suggests about the Carney government’s broader willingness to expend political capital on national security legislation.