Episode 104:

This week we’re continuing Russia in Revolution An Empire in Crisis 1890 - 1928 by S. A. Smith

[Part 1]
Introduction

[Part 2-5]
1. Roots of Revolution, 1880s–1905

[Part 6-8]
2. From Reform to War, 1906-1917

[Part 9-12]
3. From February to October 1917

[Part 13 - 15]
4. Civil War and Bolshevik Power
The Expansion of Soviets
National Self-Determination and the Reconstitution of Empire

[Part 16 - This Week]
4. Civil War and Bolshevik Power
Violence and Terror - 0:19
The Suppression of the Socialist Opposition - 19:56

[Part 17]
4. Civil War and Bolshevik Power

[Part 18 - 20?]
5. War Communism

[Part 21 - 23?]
6. The New Economic Policy: Politics and the Economy

[Part 24 - 27?]
7. The New Economic Policy: Society and Culture

[Part 28?]
Conclusion

Footnotes:

57) 0:36
James Ryan, Lenin’s Terror: The Ideological Origins of Early Soviet State Violence (London: Routledge, 2012).

58) 3:26
Latsis, ‘Pravda of krasnom terrore’, Izvestiia, 26, 6 Feb. 1920, 1.

59) 3:57
Michael Melancon, ‘Revolutionary Culture in the Early Soviet Republic: Communist Executive Committees versus the Cheka’, Jahrbücher für Geschichte Osteuropas, 57:1 (2009), 1–22 (9).

60) 6:14
George Leggett, The Cheka: Lenin’s Political Police: The All-Russian Extraordinary Commission for Combatting Counter-Revolution and Sabotage, 1917–1922 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1981), 467.

61) 7:06
The use of torture by the Cheka was hinted at in the press. See the complaint by a party member who had fallen into the clutches of the Cheka in Moscow. Izvestiia, 18, 26 Jan. 1919, 2.

62) 8:45
I. N. Kamardin, ‘Rabochii protest v Povolzh’e v 1919–1920gg’. <http://www.istprof.atlabs.ru/2306.html>.

63) 9:41
<http://www.astrakhan.ru/history/read/87/>; <http://mybiblioteka.su/1-68247.html>.

64) 11:55
A. G. Tepliakov, ‘Chekisty Kryma v nachale 1920-kh gg’, Voprosy istorii, 11, Nov. 2015, 139–45.

65) 14:06
<https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Муравьёв,_Михаил_Артемьевич>.

66) 15:36
Dietrich Beyrau, ‘Brutalization Revisited: The Case of Russia’, Journal of Contemporary History, 50:1 (2015), 15–37.

67) 16:32
Martin Conway and Robert Gerwarth, ‘Revolution and Counter-Revolution’, in Donald Bloxham and Robert Gerwarth (eds), Political Violence in Twentieth-Century Europe (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011), 140–76 (141). Stathis Kalyvas, The Logic of Violence in Civil War (Cambridge University Press, 2006), 365–87.

68) 16:59
Hoffmann and Kotsonis (eds), Russian Modernity; Peter Holquist, ‘Violent Russia, Deadly Marxism? Russia in the Epoch of Violence, 1905–21’, Kritika, 4:3 (2003), 627–52.

69) 17:18
Holquist, Making War, ch. 6.

70) 17:59
Cited in Mawdsley, Russian Civil War, 67.

71) 19:26
Smele, Historical Dictionary, 138–41, 1142–3, 92. I am grateful to Erik Landis for drawing my attention to Marat Khairulin, ‘Boi za Kazan’ (avgust–sentiabr’ 1918g.). Khronika deistvii aviatsii’, <http://www.retroplan.ru/encyclopaedia.html?sobi2Task=sobi2Details&sobi2Id=764>.

72) 20:07
Vladimir N. Brovkin, Behind the Front Lines of the Civil War: Political Parties and Social Movements in Russia, 1918–1922 (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1994).

73) 20:49
Scott B. Smith, Captives of Revolution: The Socialist Revolutionaries and the Bolshevik Dictatorship, 1918–1923 (Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2011).

74) 22:55
Z. Galili and A. Nenarokov (eds), Men’sheviki v 1918 godu (Moscow: ROSSPEN, 1999).

75) 24:12
D. B. Pavlov, Bol’shevistskaia diktatura protiv sotsialistov i anarkhistov 1917—seredina 1950-kh godov (Moscow: ROSSPEN, 1999), 63.

76) 30:08
Brovkin, Behind the Front Lines, 268.