The lesson introduces three new consonants: พ /phɔɔ/, ร /rɔɔ/, and ห /hɔ̌ɔ/. The long vowel [saara] โ- /oo/ is written to the left of the main consonant. [Later you will see that a short medial โ-ะ /o/ is never written; it is implied. For example, milk; breast; /nom/ = นม.