Daniel Hardman, principal ecosystems engineer at SICPA, joins Philip Middleton, deputy chairman of OMFIF and chair of the Digital Monetary Institute, for a discussion centered around the lessons learned in their work with offline CBDCs. They delve into several topics including the models which facilitate the offline exchange of digital cash, the impact of the pandemic in increasing the need for offline payments and making offline payments secure against digital counterfeiting, fraud and other types of cybersecurity risks.