The sources explore Emmanuel Levinas's philosophy, focusing on his concept of the "Other." The first source examines how Levinas's ideas apply to design, arguing that ethical design should prioritize the user's unique "otherness" over self-centered or utilitarian approaches. The second source examines Levinas's critique of traditional ontology, emphasizing the "Other's" irreducibility and its ethical implications. It highlights the "Other" as a disruptive force that commands responsibility and challenges egocentric perspectives. The "Other's" presence, rather than fulfilling needs, evokes a deeper "desire" transcending self-interest. Both sources ultimately stress the ethical imperative inherent in recognizing and responding to the "Other."

Peperzak, A. T., & Lévinas, E. (1993). To the other: an introduction to the philosophy of Emmanuel Levinas. Purdue University Press. (pp.18-22)

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