In this episode of Longevity Papers, we critically analyze three moderately interesting research papers from longevitypapers.com: 1) Exoproteome of calorie-restricted humans identifies complement deactivation as an immunometabolic checkpoint reducing inflammaging (Mishra et al., Yale School of Medicine, August 06, 2025, bioRxiv, https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2025.08.04.668533v1 ) - We examine how 14% caloric restriction for 2 years reduces complement protein C3a, potentially representing a key inflammaging checkpoint, though this builds on decades of CR research. 2) TSP50 in Neural Stem Cells Regulates Aging-Related Cognitive Decline and Neuroinflammation by Altering the Gut Microbiota (Li et al., Northeast Normal University, August 05, 2025, Aging Cell, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40762371/ ) - We explore how neural stem cell TSP50 affects gut microbiota and cognitive aging, representing an interesting twist on gut-brain axis research despite the hype around microbiome studies. 3) Glial reactivity and cognitive decline follow chronic heterochromatin loss in neurons (Newman et al., Charité Berlin, August 09, 2025, PubMed, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40781223/ ) - We discuss how heterochromatin loss leads to endogenous retrovirus activation and neuroinflammation, building on fundamental aging mechanisms but requiring human validation. Most papers this week represent incremental advances rather than breakthrough discoveries, highlighting the typical 95% probability that weekly research will not dramatically change longevity interventions.