Legendary Passages #0071 - The Island of Atlantis - Atlantean architecture, from Plato's Critias. Last time we reviewed the ancient Athenians. This time we explore the island city of Atlantis itself. Poseidon had five sets of twin sons with a mortal woman named Cleito, and their firstborn son was named Atlas, after whom Atlantis and The Atlantic Ocean was so named, and each successive firstborn son of line his became king. The island was rich in resources, chiefly in orichalcum, a glowing red metal more precious than gold. The ground was fertile, providing many plants and animals, including elephants. The city is measured in stadia, a unit of length about 185 meters, 607 feet, or just over two hundred yards. On the island there were three rings of water nested inside each other, probably successive volcanic rims. The order goes like this: The Atlantic Ocean, The Island of Atlantis, the outer lake, the outer ring, the middle channel, the inner ring, the innermost moat, and finally the central island. Next time we review the history of The Kings of Atlantis. http://sacred-texts.com/cla/plato/critias.htm The Island of Atlantis, a Legendary Passage, from Plato's Critias, trans. by Benjamin Jowett. Yet, before proceeding further in the narrative, I ought to warn you, that you must not be surprised if you should perhaps hear Hellenic names given to foreigners. I will tell you the reason of this: Solon, who was intending to use the tale for his poem, enquired into the meaning of the names, and found that the early Egyptians in writing them down had translated them into their own language, and he recovered the meaning of the several names and when copying them out again translated them into our language. My great-grandfather, Dropides, had the original writing, which is still in my possession, and was carefully studied by me when I was a child. Therefore if you hear names such as are used in this country, you must not be surprised, for I have told how they came to be introduced. The tale, which was of great length, began as follows:- I have before remarked in speaking of the allotments of the gods, that they distributed the whole earth into portions differing in extent, and made for themselves temples and instituted sacrifices. And Poseidon, receiving for his lot the island of Atlantis, begat children by a mortal woman, and settled them in a part of the island, which I will describe. Looking towards the sea, but in the centre of the whole island, there was a plain which is said to have been the fairest of all plains and very fertile. Near the plain again, and also in the centre of the island at a distance of about fifty stadia, there was a mountain not very high on any side. In this mountain there dwelt one of the earth born primeval men of that country, whose name was Evenor, and he had a wife named Leucippe, and they had an only daughter who was called Cleito. The maiden had already reached womanhood, when her father and mother died; Poseidon fell in love with her and had intercourse with her, and breaking the ground, inclosed the hill in which she dwelt all round, making alternate zones of sea and land larger and smaller, encircling one another; there were two of land and three of water, which he turned as with a lathe, each having its circumference equidistant every way from the centre, so that no man could get to the island, for ships and voyages were not as yet. He himself, being a god, found no difficulty in making special arrangements for the centre island, bringing up two springs of water from beneath the earth, one of warm water and the other of cold, and making every variety of food to spring up abundantly from the soil. He also begat and brought up five pairs of twin male children; and dividing the island of Atlantis into ten portions, he gave to the first-born of the eldest pair his mother's dwelling and the surrounding allotment, which was the largest and best, and made him king over the rest; the others he made princes,