A consolidated version of the Mapping History episodes for the Second Turning

• Having completed mapping the Fourth Turning, Looking Back to see how Mapping History ties them all together
• 1534 - Returning to the early 16th century, where the Protestant Reformation has begun. Henry VIII began as a "Defender of the Faith" against Martin Luther, but within a few years is opposing the Church because he's unable to get an annullment of his marriage. It's a good landmark on our map, showing up almost exactly halfway between the Reconquista and the Spanish Armada, while being well-alligned with the spirtual concerns often seen during a Second Turning.

• 1629 - Between Puritans, creeping authoritarianism, breaking of norms of governing and an overall concern about how religion is making itself known in political affairs, the monarchy of Charles I should be a very effective landmark for this history map.

  But like some of the others we will come to view in the Awakening periods, the complexity of the political map can make it difficult.

  It's still useful for understanding what else is happening in the 17th Century, and seeing some of the connections that join different points in time.

• It was July 8 1841, in the middle of a revival, Jonathan Edwards would quietly give a sermon. It's our landmark for the Second Turning that's also known as the Great American Awakening.

  That Deuteronomy quote:

  https://biblehub.com/deuteronomy/32-35.htm

  https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Sinners_in_the_Hands_of_an_Angry_God

• Twenty-five-year-old William Lloyd Garrison published the anti-slavery weekly newspaper, The Liberator, starting on the first day of 1831. 

  The Letters of William Lloyd Garrison: I will be heard, 1822-1835 includes in its annotations on page 92 an objective summary of the circumstances of the Todd libel case.

• In 1896, at the Democratic National Convention, Williams Jennings Bryan rises to speak about the question of coinage, of money, but also about who was to be represented in the halls of power. Barely old enough even to be President of the United States, he makes a speech, full of religious symbolism,  that wins him the party's nomination for that office. 

• On April 3, 1968, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. spoke in support of a strike of sanitation workers in Memphis, Tennessee. The speech he gave, with biblical imagery and references, especially to the Israelites, their escape from slavery, and what their leader, Moses, was allowed to glimpse before his death,  has since become known as the Mountaintop speech. 

  Video of the speech can be found on Youtube. The brief audio clips used here came from the internet archive.

  https://archive.org/details/IHaveBeenToTheMountaintopFullSpeech

  In the podcast audio, it might not be quite as clear as intended that "John Brown's Body" being referenced was a marching song of the Union army during the American Civil War. John Brown's raid on Harper's Ferry, which led to John Brown's trial and execution, occurred just a year before the election of Abraham Lincoln as president. 

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Brown%27s_Body