NASA’s Perseverance rover explored Jezero Crater’s Bright Angel Formation and found nodules rich in vivianite, grisite, and organic carbon—a mineral cocktail often linked to microbial metabolism on Earth. We break down why this looks like a potential biosignature, why scientists are excited yet cautious, and what comes next—especially the Mars Sample Return plan to bring Sapphire Canyon samples back to Earth for definitive analyses.

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