The prevalence of mental health issues is greater in patients with cardiovascular disease than the general population--but do you know what to look for? Guest Valerie Hoover, PhD, discusses the connection of both positive and negative psychological factors on cardiac outcomes, the importance of symptom recognition, and how regular screening for depression using a validated tool can make a significant difference for patients.

Assessment of Depression and Depressive Systems. Depression and Coronary Heart Disease (AHA 2008): https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/circulationaha.108.190769 

Screening and Management of Depression in Patients with CVD (ACC 2019): https://www.jacc.org/doi/abs/10.1016/j.jacc.2019.01.041 

Depression Screening and Treatment Guidlines in Cardiac Patients (2022). https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.122.009338 PHQ-2: https://www.hiv.uw.edu/page/mental-health-screening/phq-2 

Comparison of PHQ-2 and PHQ-9 to Predict Death or Rehospitalization in Heart Failure (Circulation, 2015): https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/circheartfailure.114.001488 

PHQ-2 and PHQ-9 (Heart Foundation): https://www.heartfoundation.org.au/getmedia/52e4d9ab-dbb1-47a6-bb41-94b986176910/Depression-screening-support-tool.PDF 

Cardiac Distress Inventory (Australian Centre for Heart Health): https://www.australianhearthealth.org.au/resources/p/cardiac-distress-inventory

Psychosocial Factors and CVD (JACC 2020): https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.120.017112 

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