How did complex life evolve from simple cells? In this episode, we explore the fascinating endosymbiotic theory, which explains how mitochondria and plastids (like chloroplasts) originated as once-independent prokaryotes. 🌱⚡ Discover how these organelles became the powerhouses and energy converters of modern eukaryotic cells, fueling life through respiration and photosynthesis. From ancient symbiosis to cellular cooperation — this story reshaped how we understand the evolution of complexity in biology. 🧬✨