In this minisode, I discuss the history of the zoetrope & explain why, even though it was generally marketed as a “toy,” I believe it was much more than that.

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References

Coterill, Chris. “Early Pioneer: William George Horner.” https://animationgeek.blogspot.com/2011/01/early-pioneer-william-george-horner.html

Object Lessons. “Zoetrope, Victorian, Replica.” https://www.objectlessons.org/childhood-and-games-victorians/zoetrope-victorian-replica/s67/a1072/

Taggart, Emma. “Circling the Zoetrope, a Victorian Animation Toy That Helped Shape the Future of Cinema.” https://mymodernmet.com/what-is-a-zoetrope/

Wikipedia. “American Zoetrope.” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Zoetrope

Wikipedia. “Phenakistiscope.” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenakistiscope

Wikipedia. “Zoetrope.” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoetrope

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