Prof. Philip Goff is a British philosopher, author, and professor at Durham University whose research focuses on philosophy of mind and consciousness. He was an Associate Professor of Philosophy at Central European University and the Department of Philosophy, University of Birmingham.

Philip is also the author of Galileo's Error: A New Science of Consciousness, Consciousness and Fundamental Reality, and his most recent, Why? The Purpose of the Universe, is the touchstone for this episode.

We're covering some lofty territory today: from the hard science of physics and cosmology to the deep waters of philosophy, religion, and the question of God.

Some highlights from the episode:

• 06:16 Framing the big questions: purpose, consciousness, and the value hypothesis

• 10:00 Fine-tuning theory: dark energy and the "casino" intuition

• 12:54 Meaning: Frankl, suffering, and why questions matter

• 16:52 Agency and teleology

• 24:18 Mystics and mystical experience across traditions

• 28:04 Consciousness and panpsychism

• 28:52 The 'Why' book tension: cosmic purpose, hope, and meaning

• 30:14 Returning to religion: becoming a 'heretical Christian'

• 31:32 Meaning as beauty, gratitude, and 'pronoia'

• 34:06 Scientism and other ways of knowing

• 37:47 Religion as social technology: community over doctrine

• 39:23 Orthodox mysticism + Anglican flexibility

• 41:19 Prayer: orientation vs. supplication

• 45:08 Meditation: creative energy without certainty

• 51:04 Reflections on affordances and enacted meaning

Quick note: at the very end of this episode I tacked on a short addendum. I share how this conversation actually landed for me.

Enjoy!