Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) and Agentic AI, detailing their fundamental concepts, components like agents and environments, and key characteristics such as agent specialization and autonomous decision-making. They further explain the benefits of multi-agent LLM systems in overcoming single LLM limitations, illustrate their practical applications like Agentic RAG, and outline various collaboration patterns, communication protocols, and orchestration frameworks like LangGraph designed for building, managing, and governing these complex AI systems