In this episode, James delves more into the question of what humankind is in relationship to nature by considering the phenomenon of paleolithic era (stone age) cave paintings. George asks the question as to what the sudden onset of language and communication might be owed to, subsequent to this. A speculative answer is provided by the concept of evolutionary need that forced the homo sapiens to become truly wise in the sense of conscious and aware, with the cave paintings being pointed to as a kind of protolinguistic precursor to language. The discussion of the need for images to gradually become mollified into symbols capable of conveying abstractions is explored in further depth, with the conclusion that man’s self-elevation above nature through the technological prowess inscribed by and in the earliest forms of art is at one and the same time the condition and cause of his alienation from (mother) nature. The question of how to properly come back to this more primordial and originary condition, of how to heal within ourselves the adverse consequences from our separation from nature – especially as technology has only advanced into more and more complex, unnatural and disembodied forms – comes to the fore by the end of the discussion.