Nestor Makhno founded the closest thing to an anarchist state the world has ever seen. Standing between the Red and White Armies at the height of the Russian Civil War, Makhno's Black Army rejected Lenin's view that achieving Communism required the imposition of the dictatorship of the proletariat, and sought to build a libertarian communist state in the Ukraine. He also might have done bad things to a troupe of performing dwarves. But that is potentially a Bolshevik slur. Ahem.