a deep examination of the relationship between Nichiren Buddhism and its precursor, the Tendai school, arguing that Nichiren was a reformer of practice, not doctrine. The author contends that Nichiren’s radical simplification of practice to solely chanting the daimoku was the result of taking Tendai’s core philosophical concepts, particularly Zhiyi's radical non-dualism(e.g., defilements ARE enlightenment), to their logical conclusion. This methodological reform rejected the complex esoteric rituals, such as the use of the mantra "Om Ah Hum," which Tendai had integrated because these purification practices contradicted the doctrine that practitioners are already complete. Ultimately, Nichiren's contribution was presenting a path of radical orthodoxy, stripping away unnecessary practices to align method fully with the supreme theoretical foundation established by Tiantai/Tendai.