The major barrier may be lacking access to in vitro models that can reflect the natural progression and phenotype of ocular degenerative diseases, to explore molecular pathological mechanism and discover new drug and methods. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are generated by forcing expression of a defined set of transcription factors to reprogram somatic cells into an embryonic pluripotent state, and share the self-renewal and pluripotency characteristics that can be induced to differentiate into multiple types of retinal cells.