In this episode we focus on two major, related events during World War II in Odessa: the Massacre of Odessa and the Battle for Odessa, also referred to as the defense of Odessa. We describe the battle the Axis siege of the city from August 5 to October 16, 1941, primarily between Romanian forces and the Soviet Separate Coastal Army, concluding with a successful Soviet evacuation of troops despite the city's eventual capture. Furthermore we describe the massacre, the mass murder of 25,000 to 34,000 Jews in the immediate aftermath of the city's fall, carried out by Romanian troops in retaliation for a Soviet partisan bombing.