In this 2.5-hour discussion, three leading scholars of Middle Eastern history - Bethany Walker, Albrecht Fuess, and Koby Yosef explore the history, society, and legacy of the Mamluk Sultanate, with special attention to the Circassian (Burji) Mamluk period. The conversation covers the rise of the Circassian Mamluks from the North Caucasus, the political structure of the Mamluk state, military slavery and elite formation, the transition from the Bahri to the Burji dynasties, and the role of Circassians and other North Caucasians within the ruling elite of Egypt and the broader Middle East. We also discuss Mamluk architecture, cultural life, and the long-term influence of the Mamluk system across the region, from Cairo to Damascus and Jerusalem. I tried to focus on the topic of Mamluk identity and importance of their ethnicity. I find this topic absolutely fascinating. At the end, I briefly talk about the legacy of mamluks and general involvement of North Caucasians in the political life of the Middle East throughout late medieval and modern history.