This ancient text critiques various forms of false worship, contrasting them with knowledge of the true God. It argues that nature worship is foolish, as the beauty and power of creation should lead to recognizing the more excellent creator. The text then condemns idolatry, describing the creation and worship of images made by human hands as particularly misguided, highlighting the helplessness of idols and the sinfulness of those who make and rely on them. Finally, it illustrates God's power and benevolence through examples from the Exodus narrative, showing how divine providence saved the Israelites from various plagues while their oppressors suffered, emphasizing that it is God's word and power, not material things, that sustain and deliver.