Three radiation oncologists, Malcolm Mattes, MD, Rutgers Cancer Institute; Debra Yeboa, MD, MD Anderson Cancer Center; and Joseph Bovi, MD, ThedaCare Regional Cancer Center, discuss how radiation therapy is used to treat gliomas, the cancerous brain tumors that arise from glial cells. They walk through diagnosis and grading, the roles of surgery, radiation and chemotherapy, and how ASTRO wrote its new treatment guidelines. The conversation also covers treatment planning, side effects and the innovations shaping the future of glioma care.