In this episode of 4x4 Health, we continue our exploration of the ONC’s final rules for promoting interoperability with a deep dive into API’s, FHIR, data sets and certification requirements. We talk with Avinash Shanbhag, Acting Executive Director of the Office of Technology, in the Office of National Coordinator for Health IT (ONC) where he leads activities in the advancement of health IT standards for interoperability and with Johnny Bender, a Public Health Analyst in the Certification and Testing Division of ONC. Johnny assisted in writing the API section of the Cures Act final rule, serves as a subject matter expert on several HL7 FHIR standards, and manages several certification criteria for the ONC Certification Program.