The source material provides an exhaustive technical analysis of Blink’s PaintLayerPainter, the central coordinator responsible for executing the CSS painting algorithm to generate visual output. This component manages the painting of a PaintLayer (representing stacking contexts and clipping areas) and translates layout data from individual fragments into a unified stream of DisplayItems. It meticulously enforces the correct drawing order by cycling through phases—such as background, negative z-children, content, and outlines—and coordinates with specialized LayoutObject painters to perform the actual drawing commands. The painter relies heavily on pre-computed PaintPropertyTrees to group display items into PaintChunks, ensuring they are correctly tagged with necessary transforms and clips for the compositor. Efficiency is maintained through advanced features like culling optimizations and subsequence caching, allowing the reuse of large, unchanged subtrees during partial repaints. Crucially, the PaintLayerPainter is engineered to support the Composite After Paint (CAP) model, simplifying the process into a single display list generation pass while accommodating special modes like printing and overlay scrollbar updates.