In this first part of this special two-part series of the PNS Leprosy Awareness podcast, hosts Dr. Camila Pupe (Federal University of Uberlândia, Brazil) and Dr. Wilson Marques Jr. (University of São Paulo, Brazil) explore the fundamental biology of nerve involvement in leprosy. They are joined by:

• Professor Anuraa Rambukkana – whose groundbreaking research on Schwann cell reprogramming has transformed our understanding of how Mycobacterium leprae targets and reshapes peripheral nerves.
• Dr. Bruno Dornelas – Neuropathologist at the Federal University of Uberlândia, with extensive experience in leprosy pathology.

Discussion highlights include:

• Why M. leprae uniquely targets Schwann cells (neurotropism)
• The concept of Schwann cell plasticity and how the bacterium hijacks repair pathways Mechanisms of demyelination and early nerve damage
• The role of reprogramming in bacterial survival, dissemination, and chronic infection
• Insights into the balance between host defense, bacterial manipulation, and nerve pathology

This conversation bridges molecular biology and clinical science, providing a rare look into how leprosy continues to inform our understanding of peripheral nerve disease. Stay tuned for Part 2, where the discussion turns to real-world pathology findings and translational implications.

Transcript: https://account.pnsociety.com/files/Resources/Leprosy_Awarenes_Ep3_Part_1_7Oct2025.docx