This episode explores pathway-targeted cancer therapies as the pharmacology of precision with consequences. Monoclonal antibodies, small-molecule kinase inhibitors, and pathway disruptors are designed to strike specific molecular drivers of malignancy-often with dramatic early responses. We unpack oncogenic signalling, addiction to pathways, and biomarker-guided selection to explain why these drugs can be transformative yet fragile. Resistance, escape signalling, and on-target toxicity remind us that precision does not mean permanence.

Key takeaways to sharpen clinical reasoning:

* Driver dependence: why some tumours collapse when a single pathway is blocked.

* Target classes: monoclonal antibodies vs small molecules-reach, duration, and limits.

* Biomarkers matter: matching drug to mutation, amplification, or expression.

* Resistance inevitability: bypass tracks, secondary mutations, pathway redundancy.

* Therapeutic strategy: sequencing, combinations, and managing chronic toxicity.

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