Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari fundamentally redefine philosophy, rejecting hierarchical, arborescent thought for concepts like the rhizome, plateau, and multiplicities. Their seminal work, *A Thousand Plateaus*, develops a schizoanalytic critique of capitalism, the State apparatus, and the Oedipal system. They emphasize non-representational concepts—assemblages, deterritorialization, and smooth space—offering powerful tools for cultural studies and micropolitics.