Phxixism Education

Vygotsky affirmed that the real function of speech is to help children form new structures of activity in the imitation of practical activity. That is, children develop practical intelligence by imitating adults' activities, but speech, in this process, reshapes this practical activity, introducing new changes rather than a completely identical imitation.

This insight is crucial for understanding human behavior, especially for acknowledging and applying this principle in the field of education, and it is also, in some sense, the essential reason for the establishment of the principles of freedom and democracy, just as, for example, setting uniform educational assessment standards or practicing micromanagement in leadership is a negation of the essence of human behavior.

Phxixism Education

Vygotsky's experience made me realize that literature, or, in a larger sense, philosophy and religion, and even witchcraft, played a role in human history far more sacred and great than we imagine. Their existence bears witness to how human groped our way toward seeing our desires clearly, discovering our humanity, and bravely exploring and interpreting the world.

Phxixism Education

At what historical juncture did Vygotsky join the discussion on "understanding the human mind"

In the following ten years of academic research, Vygotsky expended enormous effort solely to correct two widespread misconceptions:

• First, the belief that people's higher psychological processes are the repeated accumulation of simple "stimulus-response" connections (mechanical combination of stimulus-response laws);

• Second, the belief that children's development is a mechanism that waits for a particular moment to appear.

Yet these two views still exist like "common sense" in the minds of many education practitioners and parents.

Phxixism Education

Vygotsky gave his answer to what human intelligence is. He believed that when practical intelligence and pure intelligence act at the same time, that is, when a person's practical activity and language converge, human intelligence arises.

Phxixism Education

How does Vygotsky understand children's play?

Why is play important for children's growth and development?

What role do childhood play experiences ultimately occupy in an individual's life course?

And why has this role been overlooked or forgotten by us?

Phxixism Education

Why we promote the "play-based learning" pedagogy in the early education stage?

From Piaget's theory, an explanation can be offered: we are concerned with whether children can reach a "play" psychological state in educational activities.

On the surface, we may explain this with words such as "joyful" and "playful," because it is obvious that people always like "interesting" activities. But such an explanation cannot truly account for the internal cognitive mechanism by which learning in the "state of play" is more effective for humans.

Phxixism Education