It’s still one of the most complex pieces of malware ever discovered. Stuxnet made headlines for years – a 1 megabyte monstrosity that was deployed as a digital weapon into the Middle East morass. The virus used four undisclosed zero-day Windows vulnerabilities to target a specific nation’s nuclear program using air-gap networks. Who made it? What was it for? What did it do?

One thing is clear - Stuxnet was expensive. Stuxnet cost more money to develop than any other malware we know about. It still wasn’t perfect, and the places where it failed may give us clues about how to prevent and detect similar attacks in future.