Host: James L. Gulley, MD, PhD, FACP

Guest: Scott Kopetz, MD, PhD, FACP

Guest: Luis Paz-Ares, MD, PhD

The presence of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) in the tumor microenvironment plays a main role in limiting the clinical efficacy of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint inhibitors. Not only does TGF-β suppress the normal anti-tumor action of natural killer cells and T cells, but it is also involved in many processes of cancer progression and metastasis, such as fibroid cap formation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and angiogenesis.

This panel will discuss the latest findings in the role of TGF-β in tumor formation and progression, as well as treatment advances that target PDL1 and TGF-β pathways simultaneously.

For more episodes in this series, visit ReachMD.com/IO.