This article presents a multicenter cohort study examining the influence of comorbidities on outcomes and infectious complications in patients with autoimmune encephalitis (AE). The study analyzed data from 308 adult patients with common AE variants, identifying various preexisting conditions (PECs) and secondary diagnoses. Key findings indicate that psychiatric PECs are an independent risk factor for unfavorable outcomes, while severe infections during hospitalization, though common, were not associated with worse long-term results. The authors emphasize the need for integrated care and incorporating comorbidities into prognostic models for AE patients.