Step 1 Basics (USMLE)

Pulm| Sarcoidosis


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2.13 Sarcoidosis

Pulmonary system review for the USMLE Step 1 Exam

  • Sarcoidosis is a multisystem inflammatory disorder with non-caseating granulomas in various organs
  • Most commonly affects the lungs and causes restrictive lung disease
  • Classic patient is a young black female in her 20-30s, but can affect any gender or race
  • Symptoms vary depending on which organs are affected, and can include uveitis, skin lesions, joint pain, and swollen lymph nodes
  • Bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy is a classic chest X-ray finding
  • Restrictive lung pattern on spirometry with normal FEV1/FEV ratio and decreased total lung capacity
  • Bells palsy can be a rare symptom caused by inflammation of the facial nerve (CN VII) and external compression by granulomatous mass
  • Non-progressive sarcoidosis doesn't need treatment, but patients with respiratory symptoms or bells palsy can be given immunosuppressants like corticosteroids or methotrexate.
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Step 1 Basics (USMLE)By Sam Smith

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