#129: Rafael Resendes - portfolio manager & co-founder of Applied Finance Capital Management

Summary

In this episode, I had the pleasure of sitting down with Rafael Resendes who is the portfolio manager & co-founder of Applied Finance Capital Management.

It was pretty exciting to have the co-founder of Applied Finance on the Intelligent Investing Podcast due to the fact they have become a thought leader in valuation and portfolio construction in the value investing community. You could say they are the real deal.  Unlike the majority of firms today that focus on low multiples to define “value”, they define value as identifying companies trading below their intrinsic value. Their Valuation Driven™ approach forms the foundation of their investment decisions.

Applied Finance is 100% employee-owned, with the average tenure of our 10 partners being over 18 years.

History of Innovation

Research has always been a critical part of Applied Finance’s culture.  In 1995, they humbly began in a Chicago basement, with the idea to create a better approach to measuring corporate performance and value companies than existed at the time.

Their roots were and remain dedicated to answering two questions critical to any investment decision:

What is a firm’s economic performance?

What is a firm worth?

They developed the Economic Margin® framework to measure a firm’s economic, rather than as-reported accounting performance, leading the industry with primary research into:

Capitalizing R&D

Estimating size and leverage risk premium

Modeling competitive advantage through Economic Profit Horizon™

Ultimately, creating a direct link from corporate performance to valuation.

Shortly thereafter, they began assembling a technical team that today includes a unique mix of professionals with diverse functional, educational, and cultural backgrounds.  The result is a special workplace that values: accomplishment, stability, and ethics in the pursuit of excellence for our clients.

Since 1995, they have calculated over 20 million out of sample, point-in-time, company valuations.  Each week they add approximately 20,000 additional intrinsic value estimates to continually expand their knowledge and improve their strategies.

Their proprietary research analytics provide the foundation for our repeatable and sustainable investment process.

Philosophy

His firm aims to buy stocks trading below their intrinsic value which forms the foundation of their strategies.

As obvious as that phrase seems, he believes there is much to appreciate in its meaning and implementation that is too often is either ignored and/or misunderstood in the value investment community.

First, he focuses his efforts on understanding a firm’s intrinsic value, not its cheapness. Cheapness investing, encompassing the Fama/French value factor among other low price to something metrics, has become extraordinarily popular over the past 30 years.  While there has been an abundance of academic research and marketing expenditures promoting such styles, the research and messaging behind this approach is fundamentally flawed. After controlling for whether a stock is over or undervalued as measured by Applied Finance’s Intrinsic Value Factor, cheapness provides little to no achievable excess returns. The “low price to something” investment managers know such metrics do not represent intrinsic value, instead, they hope the stocks they buy are correlated to companies trading below their intrinsic value. Each week, Applied Finance calculates the intrinsic value of every stock in the investable universe of each strategy they support to determine the stocks providing the most attractive future expected returns at any point in time to identify candidates for inclusion into our strategies.

Second, his company actively cultivates a vibrant valuation culture within their investment group through an ongoing commitment to:

Develop and maintain a deep professional expertise

Perform ongoing theoretical and applied valuation research

Continually review our valuation efficacy.

Lastly, while it is easy for