A deep dive into regulatory T cells (Tregs): what they are, how FOXP3 acts as the master switch, and how thymic selection tunes them to balance tolerance and immunity. We cover their suppressive tricks—from cytokine signals to metabolic control of IL-2—and the difference between natural and induced Tregs, plus the roles Tregs play in cancer versus autoimmunity and how the gut microbiome helps train these brave referees.

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