人·事·物

💨 语速有点快，初期建议自行调整倍速

💨 语速有点快，初期建议自行调整倍速

【开场白】

Dear tourists, good morning! Welcome to the Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall, a landmark in Guangzhou! I am your tour guide today and I am very glad to introduce you the revolutionary legacy of Sun Yat-sen and the architectural ingenuity of this hall!

尊敬的游客们，早上好！欢迎来到广州地标性建筑—中山纪念堂！我是今日的导游，非常荣幸能向各位介绍孙中山先生的革命精神遗产以及这座纪念堂的建筑精妙之处。

【概况】

Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall is in Yuexiu District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province. Funded by Guangzhou people and overseas Chinese, it’s a memorial building to honor Sun Yat-sen, the great pioneer of the democratic revolution. Like a majestic monument, it stands here, carrying countless people’s admiration and remembrance.

中山纪念堂位于广东省广州市越秀区，是广州人民和海外华侨为纪念伟大的民主革命先行者孙中山先生而筹资兴建的纪念性建筑物。它宛如一座巍峨的丰碑，矗立在这片土地上，承载着无数人的敬仰与追思。

【孙中山与革命历程】

Now, do you know who Mr. Sun Yat-sen is? He was the forerunner of China’s great bourgeois democratic revolution. He was born on November 12, 1866 in a farmer’s family in Cuiheng Village in Xiangshan County (now Zhongshan City) of Guangdong. At the age of 12, he went to Honolulu, where his elder brother sent him to a missionary school. Later, he came back to Hong Kong to study western medicine and, after graduation, practiced medicine in Guangzhou and Macao. Ever since he was a child, Sun Yat-sen had been influenced by the Western ideas of Christianity and democracy and this had helped him make up his mind to cure the ills of the old feudal China and turn it into a democratic and strong nation.

然而，你们认识孙中山先生是谁吗？(汉译英)孙中山先生是中国伟大的资产阶级民主革命的先行者，1866年11月12日出生于广东香山县(即今中山市)翠亨村。他12 岁时随兄去美国夏威夷教会学校读书，后回香港西医学堂学医，学成后在广州和澳门行医。(英译汉)孙中山童年时期起就受西方民主思想的影响，从小就矢志于把中国建成一个民主、 富强的国家。

At first, Sun Yat-sen had illusions about the Qing government and hoped to save this moribund regime through reforms. But later, foreign powers’ invasion and the Qing government’s corruption made him realize that the Qing court was rotten to the core. To reform China, it was essential to overthrow the Qing Dynasty and establish a republican government. 

(汉译英)孙中山早期曾对清政府存有幻想，曾向清朝统治者提出革新政治的主张，但帝国主义列强对中国的侵略和清政府的腐败无能使他认识到，要振兴中华就必须推翻满清王朝，建立民国。（1.孙中山为什么放弃对清朝政府的幻想,并决定推翻它?）

Then in 1894, in Honolulu, Sun Yat-sen founded the earliest Chinese bourgeois revolutionary organization-- the Society for the Revival of China (the Xing Zhong Hui). In the following spring, he staged the first armed uprising against the Qing Dynasty in Guangzhou; but it ended in failure.

于是，(英译汉)1894年，孙中山在美国檀香山组建了中国最早的资产阶级革命团体——兴中会；次年春天，在广州发动了旨在推翻满清王朝的第一次武装起义，但起义失败了。

In 1905, in Japan, Sun Yat-sen founded China’s first political party called “China Revolutionary League” (the Tong Meng Hui), which later developed into the Nationalist Party (the Guomintang). Since then, he had made successive attempts to topple the Qing government and finally succeeded in the Wuchang Uprising that broke out in October 1911. The Qing Dynasty was finally overthrown and he was elected the provisional president of the interim government of the Republic of China.

(汉译英)1905年，孙中山在日本成立了中国第一个革命政党同盟会（即国民党的前身），致力于推翻清朝的革命斗争，并最终于1911年发动的武昌起义中取得成功，建立了中华民国，孙中山被推选为临时大总统。（2.孙中山于何时,何地建立了中国第一个政党?）

Sun Yat-sen had devoted all his life to the Chinese democratic revolution. The 1911 Revolution he led had put an end to the feudal monarchy that had existed in China for thousands years. To honour his great contributions to the Chinese revolution, Guangzhou people built this memorial hall in 1929 to1931, on the original site of the former presidential palace to the South Revolutionary Government.

(英汉互译)孙中山为中国的民主革命奋斗终生，他所领导的辛亥革命推翻了在中国存在了几千年的封建帝制；广州人民为了纪念他的功绩，在当年南方革命政府总统府所在地建造了这座中山纪念堂。

After the previous introduction, I think all of you have a better understanding of Sun Yet-Sen and I would continue the introduction of the structure of the memorial hall.

在前面的介绍之后，我想大家对孙中山有了更好的了解，我将继续讲解这个景点主建筑的结构。

【建筑特色】

When we stand in front of the square of the Memorial Hall, the first thing that catches our eyes is the gigantic bronze statue of Sun Yet-Sen, it’s 5.5 meters heights and 3.9 tons heavy. Behind the statue is the memorial hall. On its eave are the four characters “Tian Xia Wei Gong”, the motto of Sun Yet-Sen, meaning “The Country Belongs to the People” or literally “Let Public Spirited Rule under the Sky”.

当我们站在中山纪念堂的广场前，首先映入眼帘的是那巨大的孙中山铜像，这座铜像高 5.5 米,重 3.9 吨。铜像后面是纪念馆。纪念馆外立面的一个屋檐上写着孙中山的座右铭“天下为公”四个字,意思是“国家属于人民”，字面意思是“让民主精神统领国家”。

The construction of the Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall was completed in October 1931. It is an octagonal palace-like reinforced concrete structure, 58 meters high with a floor area of 12,000 square meters. It looks like a traditional Chinese palace in appearance but was constructed with modern architectural technique. The magnificent Memorial Hall was designed by an outstanding young Chinese architect, Lv Yanzhi, who was born in Tianjin, graduated from the Tsinghua University and later studied architecture at Cornell University in the US. Unfortunately, he died of lung cancer in 1929, at the age of 36, before the hall’s completion.

(英汉互译)中山纪念堂于1931年10月建成，其主体建筑高58米，建筑面积1.2万平方米。它是一座八角形的宫殿式钢筋混凝土建筑；在外形上具有中国传统建筑艺术风格，在结构上则采用了当时最新的建筑技术。（4.中山纪念堂的外观和技术有什么特色?）(英译汉)中山纪念堂由中国近代杰出的建筑师吕彦直先生设计。吕彦直出生在天津，北京清华大学毕业，后赴美国康奈尔大学学习建筑，1929年在纪念堂落成之前因患肺癌病逝，时年仅36岁。（3.请你简要介绍中山纪念堂的设计师。）

When we walk into the interior of the memorial hall, we can feel the ingenious design and the rational layout. Inside is a conference hall with a seating capacity of 3,238 people. Most impressively, there is no pillar blocking the view because the 8 pillars are cleverly hidden in the walls, with the roof supported by 4 long-spanned steel trusses. The acoustics are excellent, with no echo at all.

走进纪念堂内部，我们可以感受到其设计的精巧与布局的合理。(英汉互译)中山纪念堂是一个能容纳3238名观众的大会堂；最绝的是会堂内看不到一根支撑柱子，整个大屋顶由4个大跨度的大型钢桁架支撑，8根柱子都巧妙地隐藏在墙内。观众坐在大堂内任何一个座位都不会被柱子遮档视线；而且，堂内没有回音，音响效果极好。（5.请问设计师采用了哪些现代建筑技术来建造中山纪念堂?）

(Standing in this spacious main hall, you can feel great inclusiveness and openness. Now, looking up, the ceiling is extremely exquisite—traditional Chinese designs and symbolic geometric figures intertwined into a colorful picture. Countless wonderful performances and important meetings have taken place on the stage. Passionate music once echoed, and sparks of thought collided fiercely. Every activity has breathed new life into the hall. 站在宽敞的大堂里，能感受到包容与开阔。抬头看，天花板很精致——中式传统花纹和几何图形交织成绚丽景象。大堂舞台上办过无数精彩演出和重要会议，当年音乐激昂回荡，思想火花激烈碰撞，每一场活动都给这座纪念堂注入了新活力。）

【其他】

Walking out of the indoor, we arrive at the back of the memorial hall. You can see a 2-storeyd reinforced concrete buildings on both sides-- Sun Yat-sen’s Historical Exhibition Hall on the left and the Administration Center on the right. Here are planted over 70 species of trees and flowers. Beside the administration centre stands a 350-year-old kapok tree, known as the “King of Kapoks”. In front of the hall are two magnolia trees over 110 years old, each 90 centimeters in diameter with a shade covering over 200 square meters.

现在我们位于纪念堂后，你们可以看到两边都有一座两层楼高的钢筋混凝土建筑。左边是孙中山史迹陈列馆，右边是管理中心。这里种植着 70多种树木和花卉,其中一棵树龄超过 350 年的木棉树位于管理处旁，这棵木棉树被称为木棉之王。纪念堂前有两颗 110 年以上的木兰树，其直径达 90厘米，树荫覆盖面均超过 200 平方米。

【结束语】

And now, dear friends, our tour of the Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall ends here. This building is not only a masterpiece of architecture but also carries Mr. Sun’s spirit of striving for national rejuvenation. Please protect the cultural relics, and hope you leave with gratitude and respect. Thank you for listening, and wish you a pleasant and safe journey!

各位朋友，今天的中山纪念堂之旅就到这里了。这座建筑不仅是匠心独运的瑰宝，更承载着孙中山先生为民族复兴奋斗的初心。请记得爱护文物，希望大家带着这份感动与敬意继续前行。感谢大家的聆听，祝大家旅途愉快，一路平安！

💨 语速有点快，初期建议自行调整倍速

💨 语速有点快，初期建议自行调整倍速

【开场白】

Dear tourists, good morning! Welcome to the unique Kaiping Diaolou. I am your tour guide today and I am very glad to introduce you the place full of historical charm and unique architectural styles to you.

尊敬的游客们，早上好！欢迎大家来到独具特色的开平碉楼。我是今天的导游，非常高兴能为大家介绍这片充满历史韵味和独特建筑风格的地方。

【概况】

Kaiping is a small city in Guangdong Province, about 100 kilometres southwest of Guangzhou, with an area of 1,659 square kilometres and a population of 680,000. It has been long known as the native land of a great many overseas Chinese. They have strong feelings of nostalgia for their home land, and many return to Kaiping to build houses once they have earned sufficient money. These watchtower-like buildings in Kaiping are known as Diaolou, are structure incorporating the Chinese and Western architectural styles and combining the functions of a residence for the family and a watchtower to guard against bandits. They are like bright pearls, embedded in this vast land, emitting unique charm.

开平是广东省的一个小城市，位于广州西南约 100 公里处，占地面积 1659 平方公里，人口 68 万人。长期以来，它一直被称为许多海外华人的故乡。在海外的华人有强烈思乡之情，多以在他们赚到钱以后便会回到故乡建造房子。而这些房子我们称之为碉楼，开平的碉楼式建筑融合了中西建筑风格，(英汉互译)是集防卫、居住于一体的建筑。它宛如一颗颗璀璨的明珠，镶嵌在这片广袤的土地上，散发着独特而迷人的魅力。

【碉楼结构&荣耀】

You may wonder why these returned overseas Chinese had their houses built into a structure of a watchtower. Well, the reasons are clear. First, public order at that time was bad and banditry was a real headache and the better-off returned overseas Chinese families naturally became targets for robbery; second, the Kaiping area is a stretch of low-lying land and floods were a frequent occurrence. So, these solid and high-rise buildings were good both for defence against bandits and for refuge from the floods.

(汉译英)你可能想知道为什么这些海外华侨回国要把房子建成碉楼的结构，这其实很明显。首先，那个时代的公共秩序很糟糕，对这些归国华侨家庭而言，他们自然就成为抢劫的目标了，土匪令他们非常头疼；第二，开平地区地势低矮，洪水经常光顾。所以，这些坚固高大的建筑不仅能够防御土匪，也成为洪灾的避难所了。

Kaiping Diaolou has been hailed as “a Typical Works of the Overseas Chinese Culture”, and the “World Architectural Art Museum”, which is listed by the Chinese State Council as a national key cultural relic protected. It once had over 3,300 at its peak and now the registered number are 1,833. Twenty of the better ones are inscribed on the World Heritage List by UNESCO. Kaiping diaolou has various forms and styles. Functionally, these buildings take three types: residential tower built by individual rich family and used as fortified residence, communal tower jointly built by several families for use as temporary refuge, and watch tower for guarding against bandits. During the War of Resistance Against Japan in the 1940s, some of these towers became strongholds for people’ militia.

开平碉楼被誉为“华侨文化的典范之作”、“世界建筑艺术博物馆”。(英汉互译)是国务院公布的国家重点文物保护单位。开平碉楼在鼎盛时期达3300多座，目前，登记在册的有1833座。开平碉楼是国务院公布的国家重点文物保护单位。而较好的二十座被列入联合国教科文组织的世界遗产名录。（1.开平碉楼被授予哪些荣誉头衔？）开平碉楼千姿百态、形式多样。从功能上，这些建筑有三种形式: 有用作家族居住的居楼、村人共同集资兴建的众楼以及主要用于打更放哨防匪的更楼三大类。在 20 世纪 40 年代抗日战争期间，其中的一些建筑成了人民自卫队的堡垒。（2.开平碉楼有哪三大类?）

【自立村】

The Diaolou structures in Zili Village, 12 kilometres away from the Kaiping city enter, are the most magnificent and best preserved. There are 15 in all, which are all listed as key cultural relics protected by the state. Among them, the Mingshilou is the best. Built in 1925, it is a 5-storey residential tower made of reinforced concrete. There is a Sino-Western hexagonal observation pavilion on top, and blockhouses (also called “Swallow Nests”) at the four corners of the 5th floor. This huge and imposing tower is installed with heavy iron doors and strong iron windows, and is luxuriously decorated and well furnished.

开平市距离市中心 12 公里的自力村碉楼群是保存最完好、最壮观的。共有 15 座全部被列为国家重点文物保护单位。(汉译英)其中最精美的碉楼是铭石楼，建于1925年，是钢筋混凝土结构的居楼。楼高5层，顶部正中有一中西合璧的六角形瞭望亭，第五层四角均建有角堡（又名“燕子窝”）。铭石楼楼身宽大，外形壮观，有厚重的铁门和坚固的铁窗，内部陈设豪华，生活设施齐全。（3.请说说自力村碉楼的结构与装修）

【其他】

Other well-known Diaolou structures are the Ruishilou in Yan’gang Town, the Fangshi Denglou in Tangkou Town, etc. They were built in different years by different families and so are different in architectural style. Ruishilou is the highest and the most luxurious watchtower in Kaiping. This nine-storey tower is 25 meters high and built of reinforced concrete. Its indoor settings and furnishings are elegantly arranged in a traditional Chinese style. So, this tower is rated as the No.1 tower in Kaiping. The Fangshi Denglou, also a reinforced concrete structure built in 1920 by the Fang family, is most typical of the Diaolou structure as a watchtower, for it was in an open land with spacious view and provided with electric generator, searchlights and guns.

其他著名的碉楼结构包括蚬岗镇的瑞石楼、塘口镇的方氏灯楼等。它们由不同的家族在不同的年份建造，因此在建筑风格上有所不同。(英汉互译)瑞石楼是开平最高、最豪华的碉楼，楼高25米共9层，楼内设施布局典雅，具有中国传统格调，是开平碉楼第一楼。(汉译英)方氏灯由方家在 1920年建造，是一座钢筋混凝土结构，作为瞭望塔的典型代表，因为它位于开阔地带，并配备了发电机、探照灯和枪支。选地视野开阔，是典型的防守更楼。

【立园】

Another tourist attraction in Kaiping City is the Li Garden. It’s a private residential garden owned by an American Chinese, Xie Wei Li. The Li Garden is in Beiyi Village, Tangkou town. Constructed in 1936, it was a villa garden incorporating the Chinese and Western styles. The garden’s name “Li” (立) comes from the owner’s name and it gives expression to the meaning of a Chinese idiom “Xiu Shen Li Ben” (修身立本), which is written on an archway in the garden, meaning roughly “Cultivating Oneself to Become a Moral Person”. This idea of the owner’s is also reflected in many other inscriptions and couplets written in the garden.

开平市的另一处旅游景点是立园。这是由美籍华侨谢维利建造的私人宅邸花园，(英译汉)坐落于塘口镇北夷村。该园始建于1936年，是一座融合中西风格的别墅式园林。(汉译英)花园的名字“立园” 来源于它主人的名字,它清楚地表达了一个中国成语的意义“修身立本”。 此名字被写在花园的拱门上，意思是处世兴家的根本在于自身的修养。园主的这种立意也体现在园中其他许多碑文和对联上。（4.为什么美籍华人谢维立把他的花园取名为“立园” ?）

The Li Garden is divided into three areas: villa area, big garden area and small garden area. Its main structures include a archway with the two Chinese characters “Li Yuan”, a decorated archway with the four Chinese characters “Xiu Shen Li Ben”, four bridge pavilions, and two ancient roman-style structures (the “Bird’s Nest” and the “Vine Pavilion”). The residential buildings in the villa area are also combinations of Chinese and Western architectural elements. While their main structures are foreign-styled, some are roofed like a Chinese palace, and inside they are decorated and furnished with both Chinese and foreign artifacts: such as western fireplace and pendent lamps, Italian ceramic tiles, Chinese wooden furniture, wall paintings depicting Chinese folk stories, Chinese gilded wood-carvings etc.

(英译汉)立园内有别墅区、大花园区和小花园区。主要建筑有“立园”大牌坊、“修身立本”大牌楼和四个桥亭，以及古罗马式建筑——“鸟巢”、“花藤亭”。(英译汉)别墅的楼顶按照中国宫殿式的建筑风格；而楼身却采用了西式建筑风格，楼内的楼梯和地面、墙壁装饰也是中西结合。如西式壁炉、吊灯，意大利瓷砖、中式的酸枝家具，民间故事壁画，涂金木雕等。（5.为什么我们说立园的住宅建筑是中西建筑元素的组合?）

【结束语】

Dear friends, our tour of the Kaiping Diaolou ends here. Every brick of Diaolou and Li Garden holds the nostalgia and wisdom of overseas Chinese. I hope you’ve enjoyed these architectural treasures. Please protect the cultural relics. Thank you for listening, and wish you a pleasant and safe journey!

各位朋友，开平碉楼与立园的每一块砖石，都藏着华侨的乡愁与智慧。希望今天的讲解让您爱上这片建筑瑰宝。请大家注意爱护文物，祝大家游览愉快！

💨 语速有点快，初期建议自行调整倍速

【开场白】

Dear tourists, good morning! Welcome to the Chen Family Temple, hailed as the "Pearl of Lingnan Artistic Architecture"! I am your tour guide today and I am very glad to introduce you this architectural treasure that integrates Lingnan folk arts and crafts!

尊敬的游客们，早上好！欢迎来到被誉为“岭南建筑艺术明珠”的陈家祠！我是今日为您服务的导游，非常荣幸能向各位介绍这座融合岭南民间工艺的建筑瑰宝！

【概况】

(Chen Family Temple was first built in 1888 (the 14th year of Guangxu in the Qing Dynasty) and completed in 1894. It’s an outstanding representative of Qing Dynasty ancestral hall architecture in Guangdong.) Chen Family Temple is used as a place of their clannish activities on special occasions as well as a shrine for offering sacrifices to their common ancestors. And, it is also called Chen Clan Academy, for it was a school for children of the Chen families. It is known as “the Pearl of Lingnan Artistic architecture”, because the temple structure itself is a comprehensive expression of the exquisite Guangdong folk arts and crafts. Hence, in 1959, it became the Guangdong Folk Art Museum.

（陈家祠建于清光绪十四年（1888 年），1894年落成，是广东清代宗祠建筑的杰出代表）。陈家祠用以供奉他们的共同祖先，并作为他们在喜庆或其他场合进行宗族活动的地方。(英汉互译)陈家祠又名陈氏书院，是陈氏子弟读书求学的学堂。（1.陈家祠有那些功能？）(英汉互译)在建筑装饰艺术上，陈家祠集广东民间工艺之大成，被誉为“岭南艺术建筑明珠”，故1959年辟为广东民间艺术博物馆。（2.为什么陈家祠被誉为“岭南艺术建筑明珠”）

(Notably, the Chen Family Temple has a rigorous layout with clear primary and secondary structures. Following the traditional Chinese symmetrical layout along the central axis, it consists of 9 halls, 6 courtyards, 10 side rooms and long corridors, fully following ancient architectural principles and showing solemn, balanced and harmonious beauty.

值得一提的是，陈家祠的建筑布局极为严谨、主次分明。整体采用中国传统中轴线对称布局，由九座厅堂、六个院落、十座厢房和长廊巷组成，完全遵循古代建筑原则，尽显庄重、平衡的和谐之美。)

【正门】

Let’s start from the main entrance. The two portraits on the door-leaves are door-gods. Original they were two legendary gods-- Shentu and Yulei-- said to catch ghosts and protect the house from evil. Attired in fancy armors and holding ropes, they looked awe-inspiring. 

让我们从大门开始。(英汉互译)首先可以看到大门上的人像为门神，最初的门神为神茶和郁垒,是传说中能制服恶鬼护卫宅第的神。他们身披盔甲，手拿绳索，丑怪凶恶。

The stone drums at the main entrance are a symbol of social status of the Chen family. In the feudal society, people could place a pair of drums in front of their house only when someone in their family obtained an academic degree of “jinshi” or higher, a title given to the successful candidates in the imperial examination. In 1893, the year before the temple was completed, a member of the Chen family, Chen Botao, achieved the title of “Tanhua”, the third-place scholar in the highest imperial examination, and so these drums were placed here in his honor.

(英汉互译)正门外两侧的石鼓为门第的象征。在封建旧中国，只有当某家族中有人在科举中取得进士以上的名次时才能在其宅第前安放大鼓。（3.请介绍一下陈家祠正门外两侧的石鼓。）光绪十八年（1893年），即陈家祠落成前一年，陈氏家族中一个叫陈伯陶的人中了探花，故在此安放了这对石鼓。(4-4.为什么正门外两侧的石鼓是陈家门第的象征？)

On the right side behind the stone drum outside the gate, there is a relief sculpture called “To Be Conferred a Title of Nobility” with implicative meaning. The bird, the deer, the bee and the monkey combine to imply that the Chen family would be awarded noble titles, high salaries and official positions by the imperial court, because the Chinese characters for bird, deer, bee and monkey are homonymous respectively with “title”, “salary”, “grant” and “marquis”.

在门外石鼓右侧后方，有一被称为“爵禄封侯”的浮雕，寓意深远。鸟、鹿、蜜蜂和猴子结合在一起，意味着陈家族的人将被朝廷授予学术荣誉，并被任命头高薪的高级官员，因为“鸟”““鹿”“蜜蜂”““猴子”的汉字分别与“爵”“禄”“封”“侯”的汉字同音。（4-1.广州陈家祠大门外右边石鼓后的墙上的石雕爵禄封侯寓意什么？）

On the wall, on either side of the main entrance is a picture carved on bricks, depicting different stories from Chinese historical novels. They are regarded as representative works of the exquisite Guangdong brick-carving.

(汉译英)正门外两边墙上的砖雕描绘了两个不同的历史故事，是广东砖雕艺术的代表作。

【首进大厅】

Passing through the main entrance, we arrive at the front hall. The wood carvings here are extraordinary, perfectly embodying the saying “no wood without carving”. Look at this inverted Chinese “Fu” (meaning “happiness” or “good fortune”)-- it’s on the back of the wood carving, so it’s placed upside down. In Chinese, "dao" (inverted) and "dao" (advent) are homophones, so the inverted “Fu” implies “happiness arrives”.

穿过正门来到首进大厅，这里的木雕堪称一绝，完美诠释了“无木不雕”的说法。这是倒置的“福”字——因位于木雕背面，故呈倒转状态。中文中“倒置”与“降临”同音，故倒置的“福”字寓意“福运降临”或“幸福来临”。（4.请解释一下陈家祠的“福到” 图（背面的“福”字）。）

Another pattern shows a hen and some chicks are leisurely looking for food under the big leaves of banana tree. The chickens here are likened to the present generations of the family. Also, the big leaves of the banana tree are compared to the great property or great wealth created by past generations, because the Chinese words for “大叶(big leaf)” and the words for “大业” (“great property” or “great wealth” ) are homophones of each other.

(汉译英)请看这幅图案：一只母鸡和数只小鸡正在芭蕉树下悠闲自在地觅食。这些鸡其实比作现世中的两代人；而芭蕉树叶很大，＂大叶＂与＂大业＂同音，故芭蕉的大叶子比作先辈们所开创的＂大业＂。

There is also a picture suggests that young man can learn quickly but great academic achievements needs years to shape, which illustrates the meaning of an English proverb “Rome was not built in a day”. This is to encourage people to study with perennial efforts.

(英译汉)还有一幅图案则提醒人们：年青人学习进步很快，但要在学业上有所成就，却并非一朝一夕的事，很可能要到晚年才成大器。

【聚贤堂】

Passing through the Front Gate, we arrive at Juxian Hall-- the central building of the Chen Family Temple. It is not only the core venue for the clan to hold gatherings and discuss important affairs, but also the soul of the entire architectural complex. The interior is splendidly decorated. Looking at the tops of the balusters are carved various Lingnan fruits: peach, star-fruit, papaya, lychee and so on. They are symbolic offerings to the Chen ancestors.

穿过头门，便来到了聚贤堂。聚贤堂是陈家祠的中心建筑，也是族人举行聚会和议事的场所。堂内的装饰华丽非凡，(英译汉)平台的栏杆柱顶端分别雕有各种岭南佳果，如蟠桃、洋桃、木瓜、荔枝等。这是陈氏族人向他们的祖先供奉的象征性的供品。（5.请解释一下陈家祠 “岭南佳果” 供品。）

【后堂】

Finally, we arrive at the rear hall of the temple and it was a place where the Chen worshiped their ancestors. There used to be ancestral tablets on the shrine, arranged in order of seniority in the family. The one at the top was “Emperor Shun”, who was believed to be the remote ancestor of the Chen family.

(英汉互译)后堂是陈氏族人祭祀祖先的地方。这里的神龛上安放着陈氏祖先的牌位，正中最高者为陈氏远祖舜帝，后世列祖按辈分排列。

【建筑装饰】

The decorative art of the Chen Family Temple has strong Guangdong local characteristics.  Decorated from top to bottom and inside out, its column, eaves, ridge, stairs, doors and windows are all decorated with crafts like wood-carvings, brick-carvings, stone-carvings, ceramic sculptures, lime sculptures and iron castings. They are made into flowers and trees, insects and birds, animals and human figures and even architectural complex. These works are not only serve as decorations but are also convey symbolic meanings or depict Chinese historical and mythological stories. For example, peonies symbolize wealth and nobility, twin lotus flowers on one stalk represent conjugal love, and lions stand for power and dignity.

陈家祠的装饰艺术极具广东地方色彩，因为该祠从上至下，从里到外，无论是柱、檐、脊、台阶、门窗等都饰以木雕、砖雕、石雕、陶塑、灰塑或铁铸构件等工艺品。（4-3.你能列出用于装饰陈家祠的雕刻类型吗?）这些工艺品不但起到艺术装饰的作用，而且广罗各种历史、神话故事，一些花、鸟、虫/、鱼、飞禽、走兽雕塑及其构成的图案还隐寓各种意义；如牡丹代表富贵，莲花（并蒂莲）代表夫妻恩爱，狮子代表权力与尊严等等。（4-2.为什么说陈家祠在建筑装饰艺术上具有浓厚的广东地方色彩？）

【结束语】

Dear friends, our tour of the Chen Family Temple ends here. I hope you all have a meaningful time and have a deeper understanding of this place. Every brick and tile embodies the crafts-men’s wisdom, and every carving carries the clan’s expectations. Please protect the cultural relics. Thank you for listening, and wish you a safe and pleasant journey!

亲爱的朋友们，我们对陈家祠的参观至此结束。希望大家在此收获充实而富有意义的时光，对陈家祠有更深的理解与认识。陈家祠的一砖一瓦都凝聚着工匠的智慧，每一处雕刻都承载着宗族的期盼。请保护文物。感谢大家的聆听，祝您旅途愉快、平安顺遂！

🍳 工作在东亚人心中有着举足轻重的地位，是收入的来源、是自我价值的体现、是社会交往的身份名片……

不知道大家有没有发现啊，反正我身边是不工作或者说以各种形式就业的小伙伴是越来越多了。

那本期播客我邀请到了我的两位暂时未就业的小伙伴，远子和Kevin来聊一聊，辞职之后的生活、gap期间的心理状态以及他们如何平衡自由以及焦虑等等。

也许我们一直都觉得：

工作占用了我们的生活。

所以我们会想——等我辞职了，我就有生活了。

但真的停下来以后才发现，

没有工作，并不会自动产生生活。

突然多出来的那些时间，需要我们自己决定拿什么去填。

你可以拿它睡觉，可以旅行，可以学东西，可以发呆，可以重新工作，也可以什么都不做。

可能辞职真正有意思的地方，不是终于不用上班了。

而是第一次有机会认真想：

如果没有人替我安排时间，我到底想怎么过自己的生活？

那今天也把这个问题留给正在听节目的你：

如果明天不用上班，你会怎么安排自己的一天？

📬“火车是不会等人的。”

“火车开走了还会开回来的么？”

很多人初看这部片子，很容易把它归类为青春片。

很多人重复看这部片子，会有迟到的照镜子的感觉，像这部电影这样子接触过刘荣跟错过身边的像李静这样的女生/男生，《独自等待》就是那面镜子。它把你过去那些散落的、你以为早就忘了的碎片，一片一片捡起来，拼成了一个完整的图案。你这才看清：哦，原来当年那个让我心跳加速的人是刘荣；原来那个一直在我身边、我却视而不见的人是李静。

这种后知后觉，是所有青春片里最残忍也最温柔的一种体验。

残忍的是，你永远无法回到过去改变什么。

温柔的是，你终于在多年后，读懂了当年的自己。

一部平静叙事的影片，很多人却用“震撼”来形容，我觉得这个词用得特别准。

因为它不是感动，不是共鸣，是震碎了你一直以来对自己的某种认知。

你原本以为自己只是个普通的、随波逐流的年轻人。看完才发现，原来你也曾经那么用力地活过、爱过、错过过。

这种震撼，会让一个人在很长一段时间里，反复回味，反复咀嚼。

🔖 2008年，全球金融海啸，多国陷入金融危机，损失高达20万亿美元，数以百万计人加入失业大军，甚至丧失家园……《监守自盗》通过详尽的资料搜集，追访全球金融业界名人、政客、财经记者，披露金融大鳄的崛兴之路，公开业内和学界贪污腐败的政策背后的惊人真相。

⏰ -时间轴-

引入｜冰岛：一场危机的迷你预演

第二部分｜房贷是怎么被改造成金融炸弹的？

第三部分｜MBS和CDO：烂苹果是怎么被包装的？

第四部分｜CDS和杠杆：为什么房价一跌，全世界都疼？

第五部分｜多米诺骨牌是怎么倒下的？

第六部分｜谁在守门，又是谁把门打开了？

第七部分｜危机之后：为什么愤怒没有结束？

第八部分｜普通人能从这部电影里学到什么？

结尾｜规则失灵，比某个坏人更值得警惕

🏃‍♀️ 那不勒斯四部曲是4部情节相关的系列小说，2011-2014年，以每年一本的频率先后出版，包括《我的天才女友》《新名字的故事》《离开的，留下的》和《失踪的孩子》。它们以史诗般的体例，描述了两个在那不勒斯穷困社区出生的女孩持续半个世纪的友谊，同时将社会思潮与时代变迁，与个人成长中心理状态的细微描写无缝融合，极度敏感、真实、尖锐且毫不粉饰，通过对友情、亲情、爱情等社会关系的构建，展现出十足张力。2018年被改编为同名电视剧集。

埃莱娜·费兰特，意大利小说家，自称1943年出生于那不勒斯。目前意大利最受欢迎也最神秘的作家，自1992年发表作品至今，一直坚持匿名，从未在公开场合露面，从不公开接受媒体的当面采访，也从未在网络留下任何公开照片。伴随“那不勒斯四部曲”的出版，在世界范围内掀起了“费兰特热”。2016年，选入《时代》周刊“最具影响力的100位艺术家”。

🎯 主播手记：

纵使中国与意大利远隔重洋，但这部著作在中国仍有着十分广泛的受众，具有城市特色的街区、女性友谊的极致坦诚与真切、个性鲜明的人物角色、作者与译者平实的语言……都是这部著作“好看”的原因。如果不看书，系列的电视剧也是很好的选择。

因为其中的时间维度跨越六十年之久，读完这个故事，不禁感叹，“一个女孩，从出生到成长再到成熟，要经历多少”。

厚重的故事，短短的播客感觉还有很多没有聊到，搬到节目上，也让我听不到了不同小伙伴的视角，希望未来可以再次重温它。

🍻 -本期嘉宾-

Elena｜一位研0的社会学学生

⏰ -你将听到-

02:14 那不勒斯分册讨论

04:32 青年奋斗与人生抉择：从事业到爱情的探索

09:25 解读《那不勒斯四部曲》：复杂情感与婚姻生活

14:35 谁是那个天才女友：莱农与莉拉的天赋之争

25:03 天才女友：稳健与跳跃的人生选择

34:59 勇气与牺牲：个人经历与文学角色的共鸣

38:59 女性友谊的复杂性：爱与嫉妒的交织

52:11 跨越半个世纪的友谊与书籍对人生的影响

58:32 匿名写作：故事应大于作者本身

01:08:10 性别与叙事：作者身份对作品解读的影响

🎄在这次聊天中，我们深入探讨了个人成长、价值观、心理状态调整、社交圈子选择以及追求内心幸福的路径。个人价值不应单纯依赖外在标准或遵循他人期望，而应专注于发掘和发挥自身的独特优势。我们强调自我接纳、情绪管理、心灵成长的重要性，并探讨了如何在不同环境中寻找和保持个人的正向能量。

🎯主播手记：

伴随着一定的时代背景，疗愈/灵修/身心灵成长……这样的话题和词条在互联网上的讨论已经十分热闹了，本期嘉宾沐心就是一名身心灵从业者。

剪辑是一段重温与回望的过程，聊天中我就收获了很舒服的体验，剪辑时更是感叹沐心表达的流畅。沐心是一位很好的表达者，其实这个话题是在我的知识射程范围之外的，因为对我来说，会有些抽象，但通过与沐心的聊天，她有帮我具象化一些。

原来疗愈也像一样，需要“望闻问切”，需要“对症下药”。

关于“如果我的性格里适应社会的字母不多怎么办”，她告诉我们不同的性格有不同的特点，没有优劣高低之分，重要的是找到适合自己的环境与场域。

🍻-本期嘉宾-

沐心 Frida

⏰-你将听到-

00:00 心灵沐浴与视觉人格的探索

03:38 留学经历与个人成长：从商科到身心灵的探索

07:41 自由、灵性与艺术：个人价值观的探索

15:03 世界观与赚钱：解决他人问题的价值观塑造

24:23 身心灵行业发展与个人成长

29:00 系统性问题与个人成长：从根源解决生活难题

33:12 心灵治疗：重塑性格与环境的挑战

46:33 创造力与个人成长：灵感捕捉与刻意练习的重要性

50:40 旅行中的自我发现与心灵成长

01:06:44 感性与理性并重：个人全面发展探讨

01:16:15 个人特质与环境适应：NFP性格的挑战与成长

01:41:11 真实自我与社会霸权的抗争

01:45:33 影响力与主动链接的力量