In this special review episode, the gang provides a concise review of U.S. history from 1491 to 1800, covering APUSH Periods 1–3. They begin by highlighting the complexity of pre-contact Native societies and the transformative effects of the Columbian Exchange. The episode then examines the varied colonial strategies of the Spanish, French, and British, emphasizing how these approaches influenced interactions with Native populations and colonial development. As tensions rose, events like the French and Indian War and subsequent British policies, including the Proclamation of 1763 and various taxation acts, fueled colonial unrest. The hosts discuss the ideological underpinnings of the Revolution, drawing on Enlightenment thinkers like John Locke. Following independence, the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation led to the Constitutional Convention of 1787, resulting in a new government framework with checks and balances. The episode concludes by emphasizing key themes and skills essential for the APUSH exam, such as causation, continuity and change, and comparison.