Ed Podvoll unfolds the phenomenon of dream formation and its implications for considerations of consciousness and the uncertainty and conviction of reality—circling around the ancient question: how do we know when we are asleep or awake? Continuing a description of the discoveries made by the Marquis de Ville deSantane, Ed also explores the traditional eight states of consciousness, Sigmund Freud's contribution, and several dream practices. The talk closes with a Q&A between Ed and his students.